Lesson 4 – Propositions and Arguments

This lesson explores the basic building blocks of reasoning through propositions and arguments. A proposition is a statement that can be either true or false, while a command or question cannot. Premises are propositions used in an argument to support the conclusion, and they can be either general or universal. Universal premises, such as “all A’s are B’s,” can be false if there is even one counterexample. General premises, on the other hand, can be true even with exceptions. The lesson also covers deductive and inductive arguments and emphasizes the importance of considering the possibility of being wrong when engaging in debates. Ultimately, thinking should help us accurately understand the world around us and make it a proper home for humanity.